Gasoline engines and diesel engines
Gasoline (Petrol) and Diesel Engines
| gasoline engine | diesel engine | |
| Advantages | – Cheaper price – Less noise – More widespread – Availability of fuel supply pumps at all catering stations. – Designed to give more power than a diesel engine – Higher acceleration – Ease of maintenance – Lower maintenance cost – Higher vehicle speed (higher number of revolutions of the gasoline engine) – Higher power for the same engine capacity relative to diesel (higher rpm for gasoline, higher friction for diesel) – Ease of starting Management, and the ability to adapt to work in cold climates – gasoline is less affected by fuel pollution than diesel – has a lower surface/volume ratio than a diesel engine (the ratio increases with increasing compression ratio). It indicates heat loss – it has a higher power/weight ratio than a diesel engine | – More fuel economy, uses less fuel than a gasoline engine to get the same power – Diesel fuel has 12% more heat energy than gasoline (since the density of diesel is higher than that of gasoline, and the energy for two fuels for the same weight is close, so the energy present for the same volume than the two diesel fuels) – the exhaust system lives longer, because diesel exhaust does not cause corrosion like gasoline exhaust – the service life is higher, three times the life of the gasoline engine due to the design and strength of the parts and that diesel fuel has a better lubricating property than gasoline fuel – the diesel cycle is more efficient than Gasoline cycle, and a diesel engine has 30% to 40% 40% more fuel economy than a similar gasoline engine at full load, and at a third load it is 50% more economical – More safety in terms of fire hazards (fuel with a high flash point, lower exhaust pipe temperature, no high pressure cables for ignition) – Pollution increases at a slower rate with the increase in the life of the vehicle, and some pollutants such as NOx decrease with the increase in the life of the vehicle. – Designed to give higher torque than a gasoline engine – A diesel engine uses a third of the fuel used by a similar gasoline engine at idle speed – A car with a diesel engine cuts more kilometers for the same car with a gasoline engine with the same amount of fuel – The price of diesel fuel is cheaper, lower cost in the refining process – Plenty of exhaust pollutant control systems not needed by the diesel engine – no problems with engine exposure to water or moisture (ignition system problems) – fewer problems and less maintenance requirements – no possibility of a backfire problem – More equal to the power of the cylinders (for accurate calibration of the injection pump) – Does not affect the reception and transmission of radio waves (no spark plugs, coils and electric wires) – No vapor lock occurs in fuel pipes – Diesel fuel has better lubrication than gasoline – Accepts Forced charging at high pressures (there are no problems with fire (slapping) – the proportion of carbon monoxide in the exhaust is almost non-existent (can be used in closed places and mines) – better torque characteristics (maximum torque point at low speeds, better movement control at slow speeds (trucks) ) |
| Defects | – More fuel consumption – Exhaust pollution increases at a high rate with the increase in vehicle life – Pollutants from exhaust per kilometer are more than a diesel engine of equal size, with pollution control systems in place for both engines – More polluting gases that cause air temperature* ( 35% more than a diesel engine), hydrocarbons (170% more than a diesel engine), and carbon monoxide (415% more than a diesel engine) – these percentages are increased by 50% when compared to a biodiesel engine – more prone to fire accidents, gasoline leaks Leads to fire – Requires high gas storage and handling – Significant power loss at low speeds due to pumping losses as throttle control – affected by wet conditions The danger of working in enclosed spaces (flammable fumes, carbon monoxide in the exhaust – noise on communication, transmission and receiving waves – handling the ignition system may cause exposure to high voltage – needs multiple systems to control exhaust gases – does not need a gearbox with Multiple gears as is the need for diesel engines – the engine is subject to detonation, preignition as a result of fire troubles. | – Heavier weight, larger parts to withstand higher stresses – Low power/weight ratio, which improves with forced charging – Noisier, especially at empty load speed – Slower acceleration than a gasoline engine, but this can be overcome by a turbo diesel – Change engine oil At a higher rate, due to diesel oil contamination higher than gasoline – the engine is sensitive to diesel fuel contamination with water or dust, needs to change the fuel filter more periodically than the gasoline filter – the engine is exposed to the phenomenon of diesel knock as a result of the delayed ignition period of the injected fuel, which leads to ignition A large amount of fuel at one time works on high pressure and the occurrence of the phenomenon of knocking – in cold weather it needs additives to the fuel to prevent it from turning into jelly Difficulty starting in cold weather, due to the heavy oil needed by the diesel engine, and the combustion chamber temperature not reaching the point of self-ignition of diesel – the engine is more expensive, as the parts are designed to withstand high stresses – a repulsive exhaust odor, due to the presence of a percentage of sulfur in diesel fuel Exhaust contains sulfur oxides, SOx, which when combined with water forms sulfuric acid, which causes acid rain. – More pollution for solid particles (soot) (70% more than a gasoline engine), NOx (55% more than a gasoline engine) – and those percentages are lower with the use of biodiesel – higher periodic maintenance cost, more oil – causes the injector Maintenance problems where the residual pressure in the fuel pipes is severe injuries – diesel engine exhaust gases cause lung cancer – Diesel engines have a narrow speed range (the speed range between maximum torque and maximum power) and therefore requires a multi-shift gearbox of up to 16 gears in trucks – Diesel is prone to the formation of resins and crystals in fuel – Unavailability of diesel fuel in all fuel refueling stations, and the spread of Diesel cars, in some areas, led to a rise in the price of diesel fuel, and the consumer was not encouraged to buy diesel cars |
* rial’>* Gas ratio comparison table: The difference in the exhaust gases of a gasoline engine, and a biodiesel engine compared to a diesel engine. The diesel engine is set as a comparison point and calculates the percentage of gases, plus and minus, over diesel emissions:
| Biodiesel | Gasoline | Petro-Diesel | |
| -78% to -100% | +35% | 0 | Carbon Dioxide Greenhouse Gases |
| -55% | -70% | 0 | Solid particles (fly) Particulates |
| + or – 5% | -55% | 0 | Nitrogen oxides Nitrous Oxides |
| -55% | +170% | 0 | Hydrocarbon Volatile Organics |
| -45% | +415% | 0 | Carbon monoxide Carbon Monoxide |
Added to the table are sulfur oxides, SOx, which are higher in diesel engines than in gasoline engines
| Emissions | Petrol up to | Diesel up to |
| Carbon Monoxide | 63% less | – |
| Hydrocarbons | 40% less | 70% less |
| Oxides of Nitrogen | 82% less | 99% less |
| Carbon Dioxide | 13% less | – |
| Particulates | 50% less | 98% less |
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